Fire safety in buildings isn’t just about alarms and extinguishers. When a fire breaks out, firefighters need a fast, reliable way to get water to upper floors. That’s where Dry Risers vs. Wet Risers come in. These systems save lives, but many people don’t know how they work or why they matter. In the UK, strict regulations ensure these systems remain functional and compliant.
What is a Dry Riser?
A dry riser is a vertical pipe that stays empty until firefighters need it. During a fire, they connect their hoses to an inlet valve at ground level. Then, they pump water into the system and direct it to the fire.
Where Do Buildings Use Dry Risers?
- In buildings 18m to 50m tall (about 5 to 17 stories).
- In offices, hotels, and apartment buildings.
- In places where firefighters need quick water access, but a constant supply isn’t required.
🔹 UK Regulations: According to Approved Document B (Fire Safety) of the Building Regulations 2010, dry risers are mandatory in buildings where any floor level is above 18m but below 50m and is beyond the reach of a fire engine’s hose.
What is a Wet Riser?
A wet riser works differently. It stays full of water and connects directly to a pressurized supply. Firefighters don’t need to pump water in—it’s ready the moment they arrive.
Where Do Buildings Use Wet Risers?
- In buildings over 50m tall (typically 17+ stories).
- In skyscrapers, large apartment buildings, and commercial towers.
- In places where delays in water access could be dangerous.
🔹 UK Regulations: The same Approved Document B states that wet risers must be installed in buildings over 50m tall to ensure immediate water availability for firefighting.
Key Differences Between Dry Risers vs. Wet Risers
| Feature | Dry Riser | Wet Riser |
|---|---|---|
| Water Supply | Stays empty until needed | Always filled with water |
| Building Height | 18m – 50m (5-17 stories) | Over 50m (17+ stories) |
| Firefighter Access | Requires external pumping | Water available instantly |
| UK Regulations | Required in buildings 18m-50m | Required in buildings over 50m |
| Maintenance | Inspected every 6 months, serviced yearly | Requires frequent pressure checks and servicing |
Maintenance: Legal Requirements in the UK
A fire protection system only works if it’s in top condition. Faulty risers slow down emergency response, putting lives at risk. That’s why UK laws mandate regular testing and servicing.
How Often Should You Inspect Risers?
✅ Dry risers: According to BS 9990:2015, property managers must visually inspect dry risers every six months and conduct a full pressure test once a year.
✅ Wet risers: BS 9990:2015 requires monthly checks to ensure proper pressure levels, along with a full system service every six months.
Failure to comply can lead to fines or legal action, as these systems are a critical life safety requirement.
Final Thoughts
Firefighters count on dry and wet risers to do their jobs. These systems help control fires quickly and prevent disasters. But they only work if they’re well-maintained and compliant with UK fire safety regulations.
For more information on Dry Risers vs. Wet Risers contact Total Safe UK.
